发达国家奶业相关政策分析及对我国的启示

Developed Countries' Milk Policies and Their Inspiration for China

改革开放以来,我国奶业发展迅速,但政府奶业相关配套政策目标不明确,手段单一。通过对美国、欧盟、日本奶业政策、手段、效果进行分析,发现不同国家根据各自不同的奶业发展状况设定了适合本国的奶业政策,充分利用WTO允许的政策手段,在保护水平上OECD在大部分年份里奶业的PSE值都高于农业总体的PSE值。目前必须在一定时期内把加强对民族奶业的保护作为我国奶业政策总的目标;在政府奶业扶持政策中,充分利用"绿箱"补贴给予的机会,积极扶持奶农发展。

Since the beginning of reform, dairy industry in China has seen a rapid development. But the policy objectives of milk are not clear and policy means is not enough. This article analyses the milk policy of USA, EU and Japan. The conclusions are as follows. First, their countries set their policy objec- tives according to concrete situations of dairy industry. Second, every policy instruments that WTO allows are fully used. Third,the PSE of milk is higher than the one of agriculture in most years in OECD. At present, the policy objective of milk in China is to protect the national dairy industry. And the government must make full use of every means that WTO allows to support dairy industry.