叶用银杏资源评价及选优的研究

The Evaluation of Leaf utilization Resources and Cultivar Selectionin Ginkgo biloba

对银杏５０个雌株品种和６个雄株类型叶片性状进行研究，结果表明，雌株或雄株品种或类型间叶片面积、厚度、单叶重及黄酮与银杏内酯含量存在显著或极显著的差异。证明了银杏品种或类型间叶片性状存在遗传变异，这种变异与雌雄株无关。初步提出了叶用银杏品种选育的项目和标准，并筛选出了泰山１号、泰山２号和泰山４号３个叶用银杏品种，既可直接推广应用于生产。

The leaf characters of 50 female cultivars and 6 male plants of Ginkgo biloba L. were systematically studied. The results showed that there were remarkable or very remarkable differences in leaf area,thickness,single leaf weight and content of flavonoids and ginkgolides among the cultivars,proving the existence of genetic variation in leaf characters of Ginkgo biloba. The characters and criteria for selection of cultuvars for leaf extraction were proposed. ‘Taishan 1’,‘Taishan 2’and ‘Taishan 4’with high medicinal composition such as flavonoids,ginkgolides and so on were selected. They can be used for the establishment of leaf picking orchard of Ginkgo biloba or as parents for breeding new cultivars of leaf utilization.