正构烷烃临氢异构化反应研究进展

Advances in Research of n-Paraffins Hydroisomerization

综述了对正构烷烃临氢异构化反应进行的研究。介绍了正构烷烃临氢异构化催化剂,主要是金属/固体酸构成的双功能催化剂。讨论了正构烷烃临氢异构化反应理论,包括传统的择形催化理论、孔口催化和钥匙一锁催化理论。重点总结了正构烷烃在双功能催化剂上的异构化反应机理,包括单分子反应机理和双分子反应机理。详细讨论了影响双功能催化剂正构烷烃临氢异构化反应性能的主要因素。还综述分析了碳氧化物和部分还原的氧化物异构化催化剂的研究进展及存在的问题。指出了正构烷烃临氢异构化催化剂的发展趋势。

The research developments of n - paraffins hydroisomerization were reviewed. The catalysts for n - paraffins hydroisomerization were introduced with emphasis on the bifunctional acid. Traditional shape - selective catalysis, pore mouth catalysis, and key - loc merization were discussed, and reaction mechanisms involving monomolecular catalysts comprising metals and solid k catalysis for n - paraffins hydroiso- and bimolecular mechanism of n - paraffins hydroisomerization over the bifunctional catalysts were mainly summarized. The main factors influencing the catalytic performance of the bifunctional catalyst were discussed in detail. Two other isomerization catalysts, oxyearbides of tungsten and molybdenum, and partially reduced MoO3 were described. Finally, the trend on the study of n - paraffins hydroisomerization was pointed out.