长江武汉段水体中多环芳烃的分布及来源分析

Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Wuhan section of the Yangtze River

对长江武汉段干流7个站点、支流和湖泊23个站点的水相、悬浮颗粒相和沉积相样品中的多环芳烃进行了分析测定.结果表明,水相中多环芳烃总量的变化范围为0.242-6.235μg·L^-1积相中的变化范围为31-4812μg·L^-1浮颗粒相中多环芳烃含量的平均值为4677μg·L^-1量高于沉积物.长江武汉段与国内其它河流多环芳烃污染水平相当,比国外一些河流多环芳烃的污染水平要高.沉积相中多环芳烃的含量与颗粒物中总有机碳（TOC）含量呈显著正相关.污染来源分析表明,多环芳烃主要由化石燃料、木材等的燃烧所引起,污染来源为燃烧源.在干流白沙洲和支流墨水湖的水相中检出了苯并（a）芘,且含量超出了国家饮用水标准.沉积物中PAHs对周围生物存在潜在的毒性效应,但不会引起急性毒性效应.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in water, suspended particulate matter （SPM） and sediment samples were analyzed from 7 main river sites and 23 tributary and lake sites of the Yangtze River （Wuhan section）. The results showed that the total concentrations of PARs in the studied area ranged from 0. 242 to 6. 235 μg·L^-1 in waters and from 31 to 4812μg·L^-1 in sediments. The average concentration of PARs in SPM was 4677 μg·L^-1 , which was higher than the sediments. The PARs pollution level of the Yangtze River is similar to that of some other rivers in China but higher than rivers in foreign countries. There was a positive relationship between the concentrations of PARs and the TOC contents in sediments. The ratio of specific PARs indicated that PAHs mainly came from combustion processes, such as coal burning and wood burning. Benzo（a） pyrene Was detected only at Baishazhou of the mainstream and Moshuihu of the tributaries, and the concentrations were above drinking water standards. We conclude that PAHs may cause toxic effects but will not cause acute biological effects in the sediments of the Wuhan section of the Yangtze River.