注意缺陷多动障碍儿童共病的临床调查

A preliminary investigation of comorbidities associated with attention deficit hyeractivity disorder （ADHD）

目的了解注意缺陷多动障碍（attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD）儿童的共患病情况。方法对75例在门诊以美国精神障碍诊断统计手册第四版（DSM-Ⅳ）诊断标准确诊为ADHD的患儿,采用DSM-Ⅳ中对立违抗（ODD）诊断标准,儿童感觉统合量表、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表、学习障碍筛查量表进行共患病筛查,其中45例给予治疗4周后,采用IOWA Conners量表疗效评定。结果ADHD与感觉统合失调共病率为62.7%,与对立违抗共病率为34.6%,与焦虑障碍共病率为10.6%,与抑郁障碍共病率为20.0%,与抽动障碍共病率为26.7%,与学习障碍共病率为44.0%。75例ADHD患儿中合并一种或一种以上共患病占81.3%,无共患病的仅为18.7%。其中感觉统合障碍与情绪障碍比例较高,而且影响了治疗疗效。结论ADHD患儿合并共患病比例较高,在临床工作中应给予足够重视,注意检查及治疗共患病。

Objective To explore the related factors of comorbidities associated with attention deficit hyeractivity disorder（ADHD）. Methods 75 patients with ADHD according to DSM-Ⅳ were assessed with a oppositional defiant disorder（ODD） scale,child sensory integrative scale, idio-depressive scale,idio-anxiety scale, academic handicaps screening scale. Treatment after 4 weeks Of 45 ADHD patients, therapeutic effect were assessed IOWA conners scale. Results of 75 ADHD patients, the comorbidities included sensory integrative dysfunction （62.7%） , oppositional defiant disorder（34.6% ） , anxiety disorders（ 10.6% ） , depressive disorders（20.0% ） , tourette syndromes（26.7% ）,academichandicaps（44.0% ）. 81.3% patients of 75 ADHD have comorbidities and only 18.7% have no comorbidities,and sensory integrative dysfunction and emotional disorders are at high prevalence in ADHD patients,what＇ s more both of them influence the therapy. Conclusion The occurring rate of comorbidites assioeiated with ADHD is very high, which should be checked out and treated.