D型人格量表在医学生中的信效度检验及初步应用

The applicability of the type D personality scale in Chinese medical students

目的检验D型人格量表（DS14）在昆明地区医科大学生中的信效度,探讨D型人格与焦虑、抑郁的相关性以及在大学生人群中的分布特点。方法采用DS14中文版、五因素人格问卷简化版（NEO-FFI）及症状自评量表（SCL-90）,对322名医学生进行测查。结果①因素分析证实该量表具有2个维度的特质,即负性情感（NA）及社交抑制（SI）;2个共同因素共解释了51.78%的方差变异,各条目在相应维度上的因素负荷在0.37～0.82之间。NA维度和SI维度的内部一致性系数分别为0.86和0.77。②NA维度与NEO-FFI中的神经质的相关系数为0.75,SI维度与外向性的相关为-0.55。③D型人格者在SCL-90中各因子评分上均高于非D型人格者（P〈0.01）。④医学生中D型人格类型的比例为31.1%,女性在NA评分上高于男性,而在SI评分上男、女性之间无差异。结论DS14中文版具有较好的信度、效度,可作为测量负性情感和社交抑制的有效工具。

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of type D personality scale-14 （DS14）and its applicability in Chinese medical students. Methods 322 Chinese medical college students were tested by the DS14 ,the NEO-Five Factor Inventory（NEO-FFI） and the Symptom check list 90（ SCL90）. Results ①Factor analysis of the DS14 yielded two dominant traits, with 51.78% variance was explained by the two factors ; and all of the Negative Affectivity （NA） and Social Inhibition （SI） items loaded between 0. 37 to 0. 82 on their corresponding factor. The internal consistency of the NA and SI subscales were 0. 86 and 0. 77, respectively. ②NA correlated positively with neuroticism of NEO-FFI （ r= 0. 75 ） ;SI correlated negatively with extraversion of NEO-FFI （ r = - 0. 55 ）. ③Type D persons scored higher on all factors of SCL-90 than their non-type D counterparts（ P 〈0. O1 ）. ④Using a cutoff of 10（ NA≥ 10 and SI ≥ 10）, 100 subjects（31.1% ）were classified as type D. Women scored higher on NA than men;but there were not significantly different on score of SI between men and women. Conclusion The Chinese version of the type D personality scale-14 is a psychometrically sound measure of negative affeetivity and social inhibition.