成都市城区新生儿听力筛查模式探讨

An assessment of a Newborn Hearing Screening Model for Chengdu Municipality

目的：在成都市妇幼保健院的牵头下，在城区主要5所妇幼保健院，依照《新生儿听力筛查技术规范》对生后住院期间的新生儿采用普遍听力筛查的方法，进行的为期1年的调查。目的以市妇幼保健院为中心，依托健全的妇幼保健体系和信息网络，建立一个能够指导各个医院规范的开展工作、掌握程序运作过程的情况、准确地收集各种数据完整的运行模式；得到成都市5城区新生儿听力损伤的基本数据；为在全市范围开展新生儿听力筛查工作积累资料。方法：多中心横断面调查。对参加医院制定统一的工作流程，明确各个单位、各阶段的任务和职责，理顺运转的流程；对参加筛查的人员进行统一培训，做到标准、记录、程序的一致性；仪器均采用筛查型耳声发射仪；对象为2005年1月～2005年12月在参加单位所生产的全部活产新生儿进行普遍的听力筛查，筛查分两个阶段进行，即普遍筛查、复筛；复筛未通过转诊至指定检测点诊断。结果：城区内新生儿听力筛查工作得以迅速地开展和顺利地运转，达到《新生儿听力筛查技术规范》的目的和要求；期间5个单位共出生10902人，实际筛查8358人，复筛453人，转诊28人，其中经确诊有听力障碍的患儿9名。结论：以市妇幼保健院为中心，依托妇幼保健体系和信息网络，规范和迅速的开展新生儿听力筛查工作是可行的；成都市城区内新生儿听力损伤的发生率为0．1％。

Objective： To evaluate a pilot newbem hearing screening model utilized by the municipality of Chengdu. The pilot program was established to be responsible for the implementation of newbern hearing screening in the city based on the new technical guidelines for the development of early hearing detection and intervention by the Ministry of Health of China. The program acts as a center responsible for the operation of the screening and the information collection in order to formulate a program model for the whole city. Methods： The system of screening was set up to manage procedures, processes, polity, training and actual operation with the same standards approved by the country. Using the recommended screening instruments, the programs screened newborns between January and December 2005. Two stages were designed i. e. initial screening and re - screening. The babies who failed the screenings were referred for complete audiologic diagnosis to the hospital approved. Resells： The hospitals had a total of 10 902 newbems and screened 8 358. 543 received re - screening, and 28 referred. In the end, 9 newborns were diagnosed as hearing loss. Conclsion： The prevalence of newborn hearing loss in the hospitals studied was 0. 1% , consistent with that of other studies. This pilot study has confirmed that the recommended procedures can be applied in the hearing screening program in the city.