中国现代文学的“因缘”因素:以张爱玲为例

"Predestined Relationship" Factor in Chinese Modern Literature: Taking Zhang Ailing as the Example

因缘是佛教与中国传统文化相融合的产物。张爱玲等人的因缘写作,一是源于因缘为中国人的文化心理结构,二是源于明清小说对世俗化因缘的描绘。文化心理的变动制约着现代作家的因缘写作。因缘在现代作家笔下具有多种含义,其叙事格局也有摆脱佛教影响的倾向。就因缘叙述所具备的现代特性而言,启蒙作家是完成的现代性,张爱玲等人是未完成的现代性,是一种融合有传统的现代性。

The predestined relationship is Butterfly School＂ used to depict whereas a subject that writers such as Zhang Ailing from ＂Mandarin Duck and literati of the elegant literature gave first place to the enlightenment. Peopie seldom showed solicitude for it except little earnest belief of Buddhism writers, because its fatalism goes against the responsibility of writer＇s enlightenment and national liberation. The predestined relationship came from the fusing of Buddhism and Chinese tradition culture. The writing of Zhang Ailing and others bears on two factors, one was Chinese culture mentality of the predestined relationship, the other was the Ming and Qing Dynasty novels＇ worldly description of predestined relationship. Cultural psychological alteration restricted predestined relationship writing of modern writers. The predestined relationship had various import in modern writers＇ works and the narrative pattern also had shaken off the Buddhist inclination. As far as the modern characteristic of predestined relationship description is concerned, the modernity of enlightening writer is the completed modernity, Zhang Ailing and others＇ is the completing one, one fusing tradition into modernity.