液氮冷冻治疗仪辅助建立兔股骨头缺血性坏死模型

Experimental Study of Rabbit Femoral Head Avascular Necrosis Model by Liquid Nitrogen Freezing

目的：为股骨头缺血性坏死（avascular necrosis of the femoral head,ANFH）的治疗研究建立动物模型。方法：40只健康大白兔建立双侧股骨头骨缺损模型,并用液氮冷冻治疗仪将股骨头冷冻坏死,术后2、4、6、8周处死兔子各4只,对兔子股骨头进行大体标本观察及取股骨头摄X线片。结果：（1）大体标本观察显示,术后2周时可见头部规整、光滑,未见明显塌陷;术后4-6周可见软骨面剥离;术后8周可见骨修复与骨吸收同时存在,股骨头有变小,有轻度塌陷改变,软骨呈苍白色,骨质脆。（2）X线检查示,术后2周可见骨密度有所增加,骨小梁结构完整;术后4-6周可见骨密度增加,骨小梁结构出现紊乱;术后8周可见骨小梁结构紊乱,软骨下囊性变。结论：液氮冷冻建立的兔ANFH模型适合模拟临床治疗的研究。

Objective： To establish the animal model for the study of anemic necrosis of the femoral head. Methods： The animal model of bone defect of bilateral femoral heads was established in 40 healthy Rabbits： The femoral heads from bone defect were frozen by liquid nitrogen. Four rabbits was brought to the death every 2,4,6,8, weeks. X-ray and gross-model observation were studied after the model had made for 2,4,6,8 weeks. Results：（1）Gross-model observation： Most of the femoral heads was normal, at second week. Some cartage was stripped from the femoral heads at 4 and 6 weeks after treatment. Some heads was deformed at 8 weeks. （2）X-ray： the femoral head was normal at 2 weeks after operation. Bone density was increased at 4 and 6 weeks after operation found 6 weeks after operation. Cystis degeneration and collapse can be seen in some specimens at 8 weeks after operation. Conclusion： The animal model of bone defect and necrosis of the femoral head in Rabbits could be suited to mimic the clinical situation to study the treatment of anemic necrosis of the femoral head.