农民工:日常生活中的身份建构与空间型构

Migrant Peasant Workers:Identity Formation in Daily Life and Spatial Configuration

近年来,中国的"农民工问题"倍受国内外关注。本研究从"社会建构"概念入手,以上海某棚户区中的外来民工为对象,探讨他们进入城市后的身份建构机制。笔者认为,户籍制度的存在是农民工身份被建构和维持的宏观背景;同时,在与本地居民混居的社区中,这种集体身份也通过日常交往和城市居民的话语被建构和符号化,并获得了广泛的认同。笔者在文中提出"移民空间"的概念,即随着乡城迁移人员在城市的集聚,"农民工"聚居区这一独特的城市空间正在慢慢形成,并成为身份认同的一个空间符号。

In recent years, the issue of migrant peasant workers has attracted a lot of attention at home and abroad. Taking the migrant workers in a shantytown in Shanghai as the study subjects, this paper discusses with the conception of 'social construction' the mechanisms for their identity formation after their entry into the city. The author contends that the household registration system (the Hukou system) is the macro -level context for the formation and upholding of the identity of 'migrant worker.' Meanwhile, this collective identity is being construed and symbolized through daily interactions, and it is getting recognized widely, as migrant workers live with the native residents in the same community. In the paper, the author also proposes the conception of 'migrant space.' With country people migrating into the city, this living space clustered with migrant workers is becoming a unique urban space which functions as a spatial symbol for their identity.