统计学在20世纪的开拓性应用回顾

A Review on the Pioneering Applications of Statistics in the 20th Century

20世纪以来,作为数据搜集、整理和分析的一门重要工具,统计学在众多领域里得到了极其广泛的应用,统计学的作用及其重要性已渐渐显现出来。为了使统计学在20世纪所取得的进展及其重要性能为更多的人所认识和接受,并促进中国统计学的发展,对其在社会经济、自然科学以及生物医学等相关重要领域中的开拓性应用进行了简要的概述。这些应用一方面为统计学的发展提供了机遇,同时也向统计学提出了许多新的方法和应用上的挑战,为今后统计学的发展指明了方向。因而,对这些应用的回顾具有重要的实际意义。

Since the 20th century, as an important tool of data collection, collation and analysis, statistics has been widely used in many areas; the role of the statistics and its importance gradually emerge. In order to make the progress of the statistics made in the last century and its importance Understood and accepted by more and more people, promote the development of the statistics in our country, this paper gives a brief overview on its pioneering applications in socio - economic area, natural sciences, biomedical area and other important related areas. These applications, on the one hand, promote the continuous development of statistics and provide opportunities for statistics development. On the other hand, they put forward many new methodological and applied challenges for statistics; give the direction of the applications thus has very important practical significance.