我国西部4地牛带绦虫成虫的形态学观察

Morphological Observation on the Adult Worms of Taenia saginata in Western China

目的比较观察贵州省都匀、从江、新疆乌什和西藏拉萨等4地牛带绦虫成虫的形态学特征。方法分别测量采自都匀(42条)、从江(41条)、乌什(7条)和拉萨(18条)等4地完整牛带绦虫成虫的长度,计数链体节片数,并采用整体染色封制法观察头节、成节和孕节的形态结构,进行显微测量、计数和摄影。结果都匀的成虫平均长为(1.81±0.69)m,显著短于从江的(3.84±1.32)m、乌什的(2.76±0.86)m和拉萨的(3.72±1.12)m成虫(P<0.05)。都匀成虫的链体平均节片数为(574.64±189.33),也显著少于从江的(913.84±317.41)、乌什的(971.29±168.30)和拉萨的(940.38±368.26)(P<0.05)。都匀牛带绦虫成节的排泄管间距与卵黄腺长度比值平均为(1.71±0.13),明显小于从江的(2.23±0.06)、乌什的(2.03±0.21)和拉萨的(2.31±0.15)比值(P<0.05)。染色观察都匀牛带绦虫10个头节中有3个明显可见发育不良的顶突。结论都匀的牛带绦虫成虫形态特征与牛带绦虫亚洲亚种相似,而从江、乌什和拉萨等3地的牛带绦虫成虫形态特征与牛带绦虫指名亚种相似。

Objective To investigate the morphological characteristics of the adult worms of Taenia saginata from four areas of Western China. Methods 42, 41, 7 and 18 integral worms of Taenia saginata were collected from Duyun and Congjiang of Guizhou Province, Wushi of Xinjiang, and Lhasa of Tibet respectively. The length of worms was measured and the segments were counted. The specimens ofscolex, matureand gravid proglottids of the worms were stained , measured and photographed. Results The mean length of the worms from Duyun, Congjiang, Wushi and Lasa was （1.81±0.69） m, （3.84±1.32） m, （2.76±0.86） m and （3.72±1.12） m, and with （574.64±189.33）, （913.84±317.41）, （971.29±168.30） and （940.38±368.26） proglottids, respectively. The mean ratio of the distance between two lateral excretory vessels and the length of vitellarium of the mature proglottids was （1.71±0.13）, （2.23±0.06）, （2.03±0.21）, （2.31±0.15） respectively. All the 3 parameters of the worms from Duyun were significantly less than those from other 3 areas （P〈0.05）. Rudimentary rostellum was found obviously in 3 of 10 scolices of the worms from Duyun. Conclusion The morphological characteristics of the adult worms from Duyun are similar to that of Taenia saginata asiatica, while those of the worms from Congjiang, Wushi and Lhasa are alike to those of Taenia saginata saginata.