甘肃省文县流行区人群婴儿利什曼原虫无症状感染现状

Asymptomatic Leishmania Infection in Human Population of Wenxian County,Gansu Province

目的分析甘肃省文县内脏利什曼病流行区人群利什曼原虫无症状感染现状,评价PCR、ELISA和rK39免疫层析试条法检测利什曼原虫无症状感染的潜能。方法2004年10月在甘肃文县对269例无内脏利什曼病现症及病史的人群采取随机取样法采集静脉血,分别用RV1-RV2和K13A-K13B两组PCR引物检测血样中的利什曼原虫特异DNA,以利什曼原虫可溶性抗原为包被抗原的ELISA法和rK39免疫层析试条法分别检测利什曼原虫特异性抗体,并比较几种检测方法的敏感性。结果PCR、ELISA和rK39免疫层析试条法检测人群利什曼原虫无症状感染的阳性率分别为30.9%(83/269)、24.2%(65/269)和0(0/269)。结论甘肃省文县内脏利什曼病流行区人群存在大量利什曼原虫无症状感染者,PCR是检测无症状感染较敏感、特异的方法。

Objective To analyze the status of Leishmania infantum asymptomatic infection in human population of a Kala-azar endemic area in Wenxian County, Gansu Province, and to evaluate the tests used. Methods Blood samples were tested by PCR using two pairs of primers, RV1-RV2 and K13A-K13B, for detecting Leishmania-specific DNA. ELISA and rK39-dipstick were used to detect Leishmania-specific antibodies. Results The positive rate of PCR, ELISA and rK39-dipstick was 30.9%（83/269）, 24.2%（65/269） and 0 （0/269） respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of asymptomatic infection of L. infantum in humans is high in the area. PCR test based on RVI-RV2 and K13A-K13B primer pairs is a sensitive and specific method for detecting the asymptomatic infection.