石煤包裹固砷技术控制砷污染的效果观察

Study on the technique of coating stone coal with calcium-based absorbents in reducing arsenic pollution

目的探讨燃用块状高砷石煤过程中控制室内空气砷污染的方法。方法在陕南燃煤污染型砷中毒病区选择15户居民。先后燃用高砷石煤和固砷剂包裹石煤,采集石煤、煤渣和室内空气样品测试含砷量。结果使用固砷剂后室内空气砷由0.0133 mg/m^3下降到0.0007 mg/m^3,下降率达到94.74%,差异有统计学意义(Z=3.297,P<0.01)。砷释放率由23.53%降至14.03%,降幅达40.37%,差异有统计学意义(t=2.888,P<0.01)。结论石煤包裹固砷技术能有效控制块状石煤燃烧时砷对室内空气造成的污染。

Objective To explore measures managing gaseous arsenic pollution when lump stone coal is burning. Methods The samples of stone coal, coal cinder, and indoor air were collected from 15 selected families. Lump stone coal was coated on its surface with material retenting arsenic and dried to be used in 15 selected families. The coal cinder and indoor air samples were collected after coated coal had been burnt for 48 h in the selected families and arsenic contents in all samples were determined. Results Arsenic contents of indoor air decreased from 0.0133 mg/m^3 to 0.0007 mg/m^3 and the decrease rate reached 94.74%. The difference of arsenic contents of indoor air between the two groups was significant （Z= 3.297, P 〈 0.01 ）. Arsenic release rate decreased by 40.37% from 23.53% to 14.03%. The difference of arsenic releasing rates between the two groups was significant （t = 2.888, P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion The technique of coating stone coal with calcium-based absorbents is effective for controlling indoor air arsenic pollution in the course of lump stone coal burning.