地缘政治理论与战略的学理辨析和历史定位

On Theoretical Discrimination and the Historical Position of Geopolitical Theory and Strategy

地缘政治理论是研究国际间政治实体控制地理空间的活动所形成的知识体系。政治地理学是研究一个政治实体根据利益需要把政治运行纳入地理系统所形成的知识体系。地缘政治理论与政治地理学是同时产生、地位平等和并列发展的科学领域。地缘政治理论与政治地理学在认识客体、研究内容、思想源流和意象、思维向度、认识结果上均有差别。地缘政治战略是政治家们根据地缘政治过程的经验性认识和功利性谋划所做出的目标规划及实施方略的总和。地缘政治理论与地缘政治战略在兼容关系、与现实的关联、思维的真确性、功能效用、精神活动等方面各有差异。

Geopolitical theory is a theory system formed in the process of studying the geographic space controlling activities of international political bodies. Political geography is a theory system formed in the process of studying the activities of bringing the political operation into geographic system, carried out by a political body according to its interests＇ requirements. Geopolitical theory and political geography are two simultaneously-emerging, equally-positioned and parallel-developing scientific fields. They are different from each other in the aspects of cognition object, research content, idea origin and imago, thinking orientation, as well as the result of understanding. Geopolitical strategy is the whole of goal planning and implementing strategies, which is worked out by politicians based on the empirical cognition and utilitarian calculation during the geopolitical course. Respectively, geopolitical theory and geopolitical strategy have their distinctive features in terms of containing relation, relevancy to reality, authenticity of thinking, effectiveness of function, mental activities, and etc.