天然棕色棉纤维发育过程中生化物质变化规律的研究

Changes in Biochemical Components of Naturally Colored Brown Cotton Fiber during Development

目的:比较棕色棉和白色棉纤维发育过程中生化物质含量的差异,分析棕色棉纤维色素合成与纤维发育的关系,为棕色棉育种提供理论依据。方法:以白色棉泗棉3号为对照,测定4种棕色棉各发育阶段纤维中主要生化物质含量及其动态变化规律,分析了棕色棉纤维各发育时期生化物质含量与棕色棉纤维色素含量相关关系。结果:棕色棉纤维40DPA含水率、10DPA还原糖含量低于白色棉,30-40DPA还原糖含量高于白色棉。白色棉20DPA可溶性蛋白质出现高峰期,棕色棉相应的蛋白质高峰期出现在25DPA,棕色棉纤维生长的各阶段纤维素的含量均低于白色棉;棕色棉和白色棉,含水率、还原性糖、可溶性蛋白质的含量都随着棉纤维发育不断降低,而纤维素含量不断增加。成熟棉纤维色素含量与10DPA还原性糖含量、30-40DPA纤维素含量负相关达到显著水平(p<0.05),与35DPA还原性糖含量正相关达到极显著水平(p<0.01),与15DPA纤维素含量负相关达到极显著水平(p<0.01)。结论:棕色棉纤维的各发育阶段的生化物质含量与白色棉表现明显的差异,但是二者在动态变化规律上表现一致;棕色棉色素合成与棉纤维发育过程中生化物质组成关系密切。

Objective：The aim of the study was to research the specialties of biochemical components of naturally colored brown cotton fiber during development, and to analyze the correlation between the pigment synthesization and the development of cotton fiber . The results would contribute to the breeding of naturally colored cotton. Method：4 kinds of naturally colored brown cotton were compared with 1 conventional white cotton Simian -3 to study the respects of reductive sugar, soluble proteins, lipids and cellulose in fiber during entire stages. The dynamic changes regulation of the biochemical components was analyzed. The relationship between the pigment contents and the biochemical components contents was observed. Result：The moisture at 40 days post anthesis （ days post anthesis , DPA） and the reductive sugar content at 10 DPA of the natural brown cottons fiber were lower than that of conventional white cotton, but the reductive sugar of natural brown cottons fiber from 30 to 40 DPA were higher than that of the conventional white cotton. In contrast to the soluble proteins peak at 20 DPA, the soluble protein peak of naturally colored brown cotton presented at 25 DPA. The determining of cellulose during fiber development indicated the cellulose contents of conventional white cotton fiber at every stage were higher than that of natural brown cotton. The contents of moisture, reductive sugar, and soluble proteins dechned gradually as the fiber development, whereas the cellulose increased continuously. The correlation between the pigment content of the mature fiber and reductive sugar at 10 DPA, the cellulose contents at 30 -40 DPA were significant negative at the 0.05 level （2 -tailed）. The correlation between the pigment content and reduefive sugar at 35 DPA was significant positive at 0.01 level（2 -tailed） , and the cellulose content at 15 DPA were significant negative at the 0.01 level（2 -tailed）. Conclusion：The biochemical components of naturally colored brown cotton during fiber development stages was obviously different from that of conventional white cotton. However, dynamic changes regulations of the biochemical components of naturally colored brown cotton were consistent with that of the conventional white cotton. The biochemical components of naturally colored brown cotton fiber during development were associated with the pigment synthesization.