北京市大兴区0～6岁儿童智力低下的现患率调查

INVESTIGATION ON THE PREVALENCE OF MENTAL RETARDATION AMONG CHILDREN AGED 0～6 YEARS IN DAXING DISTRICT OF BEIJING

[目的]通过对北京市大兴区0～6岁儿童抽样调查,了解北京市农村地区儿童智力残疾的现患率及其分布特征。[方法]采用概率比例、二阶段分层整群抽样的方法进行现况调查,使用丹佛发育筛查测验（DDST）及Gesell发育诊断量表进行智力筛查和诊断。[结果]北京市大兴区0～6岁儿童丹佛发育筛选测验筛查出可疑、异常儿童3人;经Gesell发育诊断量表诊断,智力低下儿童2人（轻度1人,重度1人）;智力低下现患率为10.87‰。[结论]儿童智力低下的防治重点应在农村地区,需结合世界发达国家的经验,建立农村地区特有的智力低下监测、防治体系。

[Objective]To assess the prevalence and distribution characteristics of mental retardation（MR）among rural children under 7 years old in Beijing through a cross-sectional investigation.[Methods]The cross-sectional investigation was conducted by the method of stratified cluster sampling,and the screen and diagnosis of intelligence were carried out by Denver Development Screening Test（DDST）and standardized Gesell developmental schedule.[Results]Among 184 investigated children,three children were found to be intelligence abnormal according to the DDST,and two children were found to be mental retardation（MR）according to standardized Gesell developmental schedule.The prevalence rate of MR was 10.87‰.[Conclusions]Rural areas should be the key region of child MR prevention and treatment.It is imperative to establish a MR surveillance program in rural areas of Beijing according the experiences of the developed countries.