中国传统伦理思想中的“公”、“私”关系论

On the Relation between the Public and the Private of Chinese Traditional Ethics

在中国传统伦理思想中,处理"公"、"私"关系的主张主要有三种:"公之至上"论、"私之优先"论及"公私相济"论。此三种主张的产生,既体现了中国古代思想家致力探索合理"公"、"私"关系模式的理论勇气,也凸现了中国古代思想家在处理"公"、"私"关系上的智慧。尤为重要的是,对传统"公"、"私"关系论的探索,不仅使我们把握到传统"公"、"私"关系观的基本特点,而且可获得对于正确认识和处理"公"、"私"关系具有参考价值的思想智慧。

There are three opinions in dealing with the relation between the public and the private. Firstly, the public is supreme to the private. Secondly, the private is prior to the public. Thirdly, the public and the private are be taken into account. The appearance of these three opinions not only indicates Chinses traditional thinkers＇ courage in exploring the reasonable relation between the public and the private but also displays their wisdom in dealing with this relation. Especially important, this exploration not only makes us grasp the characteristics of traditional relation between the public and the private but also gives us a worthwhile wisdom to treat with this relation.