孙中山与护国运动

Sun Zhongshan and the Movement for Nation Protection

在反对袁世凯的护国运动期间,孙中山主张以北方地区为重点,与袁世凯进行坚决的军事斗争;他主张护国运动应以建立巩固的民主制度为最终目标,而不应仅仅满足于推翻袁世凯;他主张各派反袁势力团结一致,即使发生矛盾也应和平解决,不应诉诸武力。在护国运动期间,孙中山对各地革命党武装的反袁军事行动进行了指导,帮助各地革命党武装筹措经费,动员各界人士参加反袁斗争,为反袁斗争进行了舆论宣传。许多革命党人在孙中山的派遣和指导下参加反袁斗争并作出重大贡献;孙中山对一些护国运动领导人的反袁活动起到了推动作用,对当时的社会舆论也产生了一定影响。

During the period of the Movement for Nation Protection, Sun Zhongshan insisted that the Northern area should be the center of the Movement with military activities being the major method. According to Sun Zhongshan, the final objective of the campaign to defend the Republic is not merely overthrowing Yuan Shi-kai＇s rule, but establishing stable democracy. Sun Zhongshan played an important role in the Movement for Nation Protection which includes guiding the military action of anti - Yuan Shikai, raising money for armed forces, mobilizing people of various circles to join in the struggle of anti - Yuan Shikai and propagandizing for the movement.