细菌分型的分子生物学技术研究进展

Advance in molecular biotechnologies for bacterial typing

回顾了传统细菌分型方法的重要作用,并重点介绍了近年发展得比较成熟的脉冲凝胶电泳(PF-GE)、低频限制性切割位点聚合酶链式反应(IRS-PCR)、随意扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)、扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)、多位点酶电泳(MLEE)和多位点测序分型(MLST)等6种用于细菌分型的分子生物学技术的原理、特点以及应用情况,指出了其他细菌分型技术,如ARDRA、SSCP、DGGE、TGGEI、S等的不足,对基因芯片技术和实时PCR在细菌分型上的应用潜力进行了展望。

The traditional bacterial typing methods were reviewed, then the recently-developed pulse field gel electrophoresis（PFGE）, infrequent-restriction-site-PCR（IRS-PCR）, random-amplified polymorphic DNA（RAPD）, amplified fragment length polymorphism （AFLP）, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis （MLEE） and multilocus sequence typing（MLST） were reviewed, focusing on their principles, characteristics and applications to the bacterial typing. The shortcomings of other bacterial typing techniques including amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis（RDRA）, single-strand conformation polymorphism（SSCP）, denature gradient gel electrophoresis（DGGE）,temperature gradient gel electrophoretic（TGGE） and insertion sequences（IS） were summarized. Finally,gene chip technology and real-time PCR assay were discussed as to their potential for application to bacterial typing.