试论明代会典的纂修

On the Compilation of Hui Dian in the Ming Dynasty

《明会典》的纂修始于弘治,校订、刊行于正德,嘉靖间两次续修,万历间重修成定本。其体例远源《周礼》,近取《诸司职掌》,经历了模仿、沿袭与创新的过程。其纂修主要由史馆承担,多家机构共同参与。其资料主要来源于朝廷颁降之书、各衙门的见行事例、造表文册和档案资料以及历朝《实录》。刊行后,成为明代的大经大法,不仅在明代为百司所遵、万民所奉,而且在清初一度被奉为处理政事的政典,更成为清修会典的重要参考。

＂Ming Hui Dian＂ was firstly compiled in the years of Hongzhi, checked and published in Zhengde, reedited twice in Jiajing,and finalized in Wanli. Originating from ＂Zhou Li＂ and ＂Zhu Si Zhi Zhang＂, its style came into being in the way of imitation and innovation. The compilation was undertaken mainly by Shiguan, together with many organizations, with materials mainly from the government proclaimed books, files and ＂Ming Shi Lu＂. After its publication, it was not only the laws and institutions of Ming Dynasty, observed by departments and people, but also important reference for managing state affairs in the early Qing Dynasty, especially for Qing xiu Hui Dian.