利益分割时期的安全事故与政府改进问题

The Relation Between Safety Accidents and Governments Improvement During the Period of Interests Segmentation in China

政府在事故预防和处置中居于主导地位。心理学的"华生模式"和"皮亚杰模式"实现"社会学转向",可用以分析政府的责任问题。而安全事故的"强刺激"和"弱刺激"对政府改进效应是不同的。中国当前社会转型中逐步出现了城乡、单位、地方之间而主要表现为阶层之间的利益分割局面。因而政府的责任一方面不仅仅在于对某一事故的"强刺激"进行反应性改进,更应该在于包括"弱刺激"在内逐步把内化以人为本的责任伦理和信念伦理结合起来,对事故进行事前预知和防范,同时另一方面需要抑制精英阶层对整个社会利益的割据,保障社会底层的安全权益,引导底层进行安全维权,乃至抗争上层"官商秩序(结构)"的利益勾结,打破"资(方)强劳(方)弱"、"上(层)强下(层)弱"结构,从消极的"华生模式"转向积极反应的"皮亚杰模式",不断提升政府效率,保障个体生命安全和社会安全。

The government always plays leading role in accident prevention and settlement. The Sociologicalized Watson＇s and Piaget＇s model may be used to analyze the government responsibilities. ＂Strong stimulation＂ and ＂weak stimulation＂ derived from safety accidents bring different affections to the government improvement. There appeared the situation of interests segmentation between urban and rural areas, among units, regions, and different classes during the period of social transformation of China in the present social transformation. Therefore, on the one hand, the government should not only make an adaptable improvement on ＂strong stimulation＂ of an accidents, but also internalize human-oriented responsibility ethics and the belief ethics so as to forecast and prevent safety accidents. On the other hand, the government should hold up the elite classes dividing up the whole social interests, safeguard the security rights of the lower rungs, lead them to contend against the interests order and structure formed by officials handing and gloving with traders, breaking up the order of ＂the capitalist stronger and the worker weak＂, ＂the up class stronger and the lower weak＂, transfor ruing Watson＇s model into Piaget＇s model, and promote its efficiencies, guarantee the individual and the public security.