焦痂切开减压在面颈部深度烧伤治疗中的应用

The Application of Eschar Open Decompression in Treating Face-Neck Deep Burns.

目的:探讨双颈部焦痂切开减压在面颈部深度烧伤治疗中的应用效果。方法:对6例面颈部深度烧伤及轻度吸入性损伤的大面积烧伤病人早期采用双颈部焦痂切开减压处理,观察颈部感觉变化,气道梗阻发生情况及颈部切开创面愈合情况。结果:6例患者中3例在面颈部出现紧缩感时行双颈部焦痂切开减压,切开后颈部紧缩感全部缓解,3例在未出现紧缩感时即进行预防性切开;6例患者在随后的治疗中未出现气道梗阻,未进行气管切开,均成功救治,4例颈部切开创面换药后自行愈合,2例植皮修复,未出现出血、感染等并发症。结论:早期行双颈部焦痂切开减压,可有效防止面颈部深度烧伤患者早期发生气道梗阻,避免气管切开,该方法简便可行。

Objective： To explore the efficacy of eschar open decompression in treating face -neck deep burns. Methods： Six patients of face - neck deep burns with gentle inhalation injury were randomly enrolled in the study. The eschar open decompression were executed in both cervical parts at the early stage after burn. Then the cervical sensation, airway obstruction and incision wound were observed. Results： Three of 6 patients had cervical girdle sensation. Their cervical girdle sensation were obviously reheved when both cervical parts were performed with eschar open decompression. The eschar open decompression were also performed in rest 3 patients in prevention. All 6 patients had no airway obstruction in the follow treatment. The incision wounds of 4 cases healed spontaneously and rest 2 via skin graft. No bleeding and infection or other severe complication were observed. Conclusion： Early eschar open decompression can effectively prevent early airway obstruction so as not to incise trachea in severely bumed patients with face - neck deep burns.