中国农村土地产权结构的度量及其改进——基于2001年和2005年中国17省农地调查的分析

The Measurement and Improvement of the Rural Land Property Right Structure of China:Based on the Analysis of the Seventeen-Province Rural Land Sample Surveys in 2001 and 2005

本文基于中国人民大学和美国农村发展研究所(RDI)2001年和2005年共同组织的17省农村土地调查,对大量的农地产权一手数据进行因子分析,提炼出农地产权的四个主要方面,即农地使用权、地权稳定性、转让权和收益权,并分别赋予分值,量化了农地产权。研究表明,中国农地产权由完整到残缺程度的区域差异从高到低依次为东北、西部、中部、东部沿海,而全国范围的农地产权状况不容乐观,农地产权的残缺受多方面因素影响。

This article is based on the seventeen-province rural land sample surveys conducted by Renmin University of China（RUC,China） and the Rural Development Institute（RDI, America） in 2001 and 2005 in China, from which we acquire a lot of data about Chinese rural land property right and take an analysis. Four main components of rural land-use right, the stability of land-use right, land assignment right and the right to benefit from land are abstracted and given different marks for the convenience of the analysis on rural land analysis. The empirical research result shows that the integrity of Chinese rural land rights in areas of northeast, western, middle part and east declines in turn, the condition of which is not optimistic and affected by many factors.