近代人力车夫群体意识探析

On Modern Rickshaw Pullers' Group Consciousness

人力车夫是伴随着人力车的传入而出现的一个新的城市下层社会职业群体。该群体由城市贫民、进城农民和其他失业人员构成,人数众多,具有素质低和流动性、分散性等特点。他们通过相互之间的微弱联系和与外界的比较形成了同行意识、同乡意识和穷人意识等初级的群体意识。经过知识界的启蒙和共产党的教育,他们的群体意识提升到阶级意识、民族意识的高度,并为了无产阶级的解放、为了捍卫国家和民族的利益进行了积极的斗争。文章指出,人力车夫群体意识的提升有赖于本阶级的认同,社会的接纳,国家的帮助,有赖于启蒙、灌输、培养。人力车夫所带来的社会问题的解决,需要全社会对他们更多的理解、同情、关怀和引导。

The rickshaw puller is a new professional community of lower classes in city which appeared following the human-driven cart＇s spreading. This community constituted by the urban poor, farmers entering city and other unemployed persons. Its population was multitudinous. It had the characteristics of low quality, fluidity, dispersivity, etc. They formed the primary group consciousness, such as the colleague consciousness, fellow villager consciousness, and poor person consciousness, through weak relation and the outside comparison. After the intellectual education, their group consciousness had promoted to a circle＇s initiation and the Communist Party＇s high level of class consciousness and national consciousness. They had waged the positive struggle for proletariat＇s liberation and guarded national and nationality＇ s benefit. The article pointed out that, the promotion of rickshaw puller group consciousness depended on this social class＇ approval, society＇s admission, the national help,and depended on intellectual circle＇s initiation, instilling and raising. The social question bought by the rickshaw puller needed the entire society＇s more understanding, sympathy, concern and guidance to solute.