3620名农村中学生暴力遭遇及其危险因素分析

Exposure to Violence and Analyses of Risk Factors among Rural Middle School Students (N=3620) in China

目的探讨农村中学生暴力遭遇及其危险因素,为中学生暴力干预提供科学依据。方法采用横断面研究方法,对随机选择的3620名农村中学生进行询问调查。中学生遭遇暴力的危险因素分析采用logistic多元回归分析方法。结果在3620名被调查者中,41.0%的被调查者从小至今遭遇过暴力,其中,情感暴力、躯体暴力和性暴力的发生率分别为27.4%、30.6%和3.2%。33.8%的被调查者过去一年中遭遇过暴力,情感暴力、躯体暴力和性暴力的发生率分别为21.5%、24.3%和2.0%。多因素logistic回归分析结果表明:不论从小至今,还是过去一年,年龄相对较大的农村中学生容易遭遇暴力(17～18岁组除外);女生遭遇暴力的危险性低于男生(ORs=0.49和0.51);经常泡网吧者遭遇暴力的危险性高于不或极少泡网吧者(ORs=1.39和1.27);同样,经常玩电游者(ORs=1.50和1.49)、经常吸烟者(ORs=1.82和2.03)、经常欺负他人者(ORs=3.78和3.28)、经常目睹父母吵架者(ORs=1.34和1.39)遭遇暴力的危险性均较高。学习成绩中等者遭遇暴力的危险性相对较高(ORs=1.41和1.44);自评自尊水平中等和低等者遭遇暴力的危险性高于自评自尊水平高等者(ORs=1.48、1.24和1.63、1.36)。结论农村中学生暴力遭遇的发生率较高,年龄、性别、是否泡网吧、玩电游、吸烟、欺负他人、目睹父母吵架以及学生学习成绩、自评自尊水平等因素与暴力遭遇密切相关,在农村中学生中,应开展针对上述危险因素的暴力预防策略。

Objective To estimate the prevalence of experienced violence among rural middle school students in China, and to identify risk factors which may modify such expcsure. Methods Cross-sectional study. A survey using a face- to-face interview was conducted among 3 620 middle school students randomly selected from a rural county. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess risk factors of expcsure to violence. Results Of the 3 620 middle school students interviewed, 41.0% reported to have experienced victimization during their lifetimes and 33.8% in past year. Among these victims, 27.4% reported to have experienced emotional violence,30.6% physical and 3.2% sexual violence during their lifetimes.21.5% reported to have experienced emotional vio- lence,24.3% physical and 2.0 % sexual violence in past year.Being older students have increasing risk of exposure to violence （except for 17-18 yeas older students）, female students had lower risk of exposure to violence （ORs, 0. 49 and 0. 51 respecfively）, victimization was significandy more likely to occur in students, which often surf at interact - dubs（ORs, 1.39 and 1.27 respectivdy）, and play dectronic games （ ORs, 1.50 and 1.49 respectivdy）, and smoke（ ORs, 1.82 and 2.03 respectively）, and bullying others（ORs, 3.78 and 3.28 respectivdy）. Students whose academic performances were at middle levels had higher risk of exposure to violence （ORs, 1. 41 and 1.44 respectively）. Students who were often exposed to frequent quarrdling between parents had the higher odds ratios （ORs, 1.34 and 1.39 respectively）. Respondents with lower self- esteem were also founded to have the higher odds ratios （ORs, 1.48, 1.24 and 1.63, 1.36 respectivdy）.Conclusion Violence is prevalent in rural middle school students. Age, gender, surfing at interact - dubs, playing electronic games, smoldng, bullying, academic performance, exposure to frequent quarrelling between parents, and self - esteem were all signaificanfly associated with exposure to violence. Violence prevention projects target at risk factors should be developed and launched among rural middle school students.