重庆市4家医院173例患者哮喘治疗状态分析

Analysis of therapy for 173 asthma patients in 4 hospitals in Chongqing

目的调查重庆地区哮喘患者治疗状态。方法对重庆市4家医院2006年1~4月期间就诊的173例（成人107例，儿童66例）哮喘患者进行问卷调查。结果（1）受访的成人患者中近一半为重度持续哮喘；而大部分儿童患者为间歇发作哮喘。一半以上的患者曾因重度哮喘急性发作而住院治疗，因此误工、误学。无论成人还是儿童哮喘仍远未达到全球哮喘防治指南（GINA）颁布的哮喘控制目标。（2）在对疾病的认知方面，过半数的患者认为哮喘是慢性病，应该长期治疗。但大多数哮喘患者仍不能首选吸入激素（ICS）治疗，规律用药者则更少。（3）在哮喘教育管理方面，多数医生（70.5%）能告诉患者ICS的使用方法并做示范，儿科医生做得更好。（4）近一半的患者几乎每天有症状，因哮喘发作需住院治疗的比例达60.8%；同6年前相比，将氨茶碱作为主要治疗药物的患者明显减少（47.39%vs 100%），使用ICS的患者增多（58.9%vs 37.5%）。结论重庆地区哮喘的控制情况仍不理想，还需要呼吸内科等相关科室的医务工作者及全社会的共同努力，提高全民对哮喘疾病的知晓，改善哮喘患者的治疗、教育和管理，使更多的哮喘患者获得良好的疾病控制。

Ojbective To investigate the status of of asthma control in Chongqing. Methods One hundred and seventy-three asthma patients visited in 4 Chongqing hospitals from January to April in 2006 were investigated by questionnaire. Results （1） Nearly half of the adult patients were diagnosized as severe persistent asthma, but most of the child patients were diagnosized as intermittent asthma. Half of the patients delayed their work or study because of necessary hospitalization. So the control target of asthma according to GINA did not be achieved regardless of adults or children. （2）For the cognition of the disease,half of the patients thought asthma is a chronic disease and it should be treated for long term. But most patients still did not choose ICS for first therapy and people with regular medication were less. （3）For the management of education, most doctors（70.5 % ） could tell the patients about the usage of ICS and set an example and the pediatricians did that better. （4） Half of the adult patients almost had symptoms everyday and the percent of patients hospitalized for asthma exacerbation was 60.8%. The patients took aminophylline for major medication decreased and the one with ICS increased compared with that of six years ago. Conclusion The status of asthma control in Chongqing is still not ideal and the doctors in respiratory and other relevant departments should try their best to improved that.