不同年级护理本科生职业态度的调查

Occupational Attitudes among Different Grades of Nursing Baccalaureate Students

目的了解不同年级护理本科生职业态度，分析她们对护理学专业态度的差异，探讨相应的职业态度教育方法。方法采用调查研究的方法，调查我校护理本科2003～2006级4个年级共160名学生。调查问卷的内容为个人资料和职业态度。结果从学生职业选择看职业态度，临床护理是就业的主流，社区护理就业尚未被认识，部分学生倾向改行。各年级职业态度比较中，不同年级的护理本科生的职业态度不同，职业态度在一年级与二、三年级有差异，三年级与四年级有差异（P〈0．01）。结论一年级学生对护理专业的认知程度较差；多数同学愿意学习并喜欢护理专业；四年级临床实习学生没有明显愿意参加护理活动的意愿。本科护理教育应注重学生早期接触护理，创造良好的生产实习环境及合理使用护理人才；教师在授课中应客观地向同学介绍现实的临床工作，使同学有充分的心理准备，迎接挑战。

Objective To understand the occupational attitudes of nursing baccalaureate students of different grades and to search for their different attitudes, so as to establish a pertinent method for education of professional attitude. Methods A total of 160 students of 2003-2006 grades in our university were investigated on professional attitudes using questionnaire. Results Clinical nursing is the main choice of profession; community nursing profession was not popular among students; and some students would like to have jobs other than nurses. Students of different grades had dif- ferent professional attitudes. There were significant differences in the occupational attitudes between freshman,sophomore and junior students ; there was also difference between the junior and senior students（ P〈0.01）. Conclusion Freshman has a poor recognition about nursing profession. Most students are willing to study nursing and like nursing. Senior students do not have an initiative in participating nursing activity. The course for undergraduate nursing education should pay attention to early nursing practice. Creation of a good practicing environment and reasonable allocation of nursing resources should be stressed. The teachers should objectively introduce clinical work so as to allow the students be well prepared.