论尼采宗教批判的力度与局限

Nietzsche's Critique of Religion:Its Strength and Limits

文章介绍了尼采宗教(尤其是犹太-基督宗教)批判的主要论点,并且表明,这一批判揭示出了西方哲学与形而上学思考的主要形式以及与之相关的根本道德取向。作者认为,一方面,尼采的批判未能看到一种新的形而上学的可能性,这一形而上学既能顾及尼采的大部分关注,又未放弃一种哲学的、甚至一种特别的形而上学的取向;另一方面,尼采也未能充分理解,在犹太-基督教的宗教和伦理传统之中,存在着一种道德的、法律的、甚至政治的理性和权力结构,这种理性和权力结构深深植根于古老的东方思想,直到如今,还在西方人道主义的道德织体中提供着最为重要的伦理支柱。

This paper introduces the main arguments of Nietzsche's critique of religion(especially of the Jewish and Christian religions),showing that this critique of religion takes on the main forms of occidental philosophical and metaphysical thinking,and a basic moral orientation is connected with this thought.It argues that not only Nietzsche's critique failed to see a possibility of a kind of metaphysics considering most of Nietzsche's concerns without giving up a philosophical or even a specific metaphysical orientation,but also Nietzsche was unable to fully understand a moral,legal and even political rationality and power-structure deeply rooted in the ancient oriental thinking in the Jewish-Christian religious and ethical tradition,which still provided the most important ethical backbone in the humanitarian moral texture in the West.