基于竞争市场可耗竭资源价格策略

The Pricing Policy of Exhaustible Resources Based on Competitive Market

可耗竭资源(Exhaustible resources)价格策略是资源优化耗竭问题的核心研究内容之一,根据资源市场的供求关系,从社会福利最大化出发,假定成本与开采量及剩余储量有关,然后分别构建了资源开采的最优控制模型,根据优化的一阶必要条件讨论了资源的价格策略。结果表明:(1)不考虑剩余储量影响时,能得到清晰的资源价格表达式,并通过价格的上限与下限给出成本函数中系数的取值范围,为估计成本函数提供判断标准;(2)考虑剩余储量影响时,价格的变化趋势难以判断,需考虑系数和稳定状态时资源的影子价格。

Pricing policy of exhaustible resources is one of the core research issues of optimal depletion of exhaustible resources. According to the supply-demand relation of resources market, the study is based on optimizing total social welfare. Then the assumption is given, which cost function is depend on the extraction rate and the stock remaining. In the end, the optimal control models are built. Through analyzing the first order necessary conditions, pricing policy of exhaustible resources is offered. The results show： （1） without stock effects, the expression of resources price formal is clear. The parameter of cost function can be confirmed by upper limit and lower limit of price, providing the standard of cost function estimation; （2） with stock effects, the change trend of price cannot be understood. As a result, it is necessary to analyse resources pricing policy with the parameter of cost function and shadow price in the steady state.