黄山风景区旅游水供需系统安全及动态调控研究

Study on Tourism Water Supply and Demand System Safety and Dynamic Control in Huangshan Mountain

山岳型风景区由于其独特的地形地貌条件,工程性供水难度大,随着区内床位数和游客量的不断增加,水供需矛盾更为突出,成为山岳型风景区旅游可持续发展的关键制约因素之一,黄山风景区尤具代表性。论文通过典型年分析法,对黄山风景区各月各供水片区的水供需系统进行深入分析,认为:①黄山风景区总体上供水量不足,缺水态势明显,且存在时间、空间、丰枯水期等方面的矛盾;②建立水供需动态调控模型,通过水库和引提水工程调节供水是改善黄山风景区供水短缺的重要途径;③通过现有各分片水库的调节和五里桥水库提水上山,可分别解决目前和中期供水问题,远期若建立钓桥水库,形成全山供水连片,可达到远期水供需平衡。

Mountain spot is the important resource carrier of tourism development in China.Due to unique landforms,difficuh projective water supply and increasing beds and tourists,the contradiction between water supply and demand is very obvious,which is one of the key factors restricting tourism sustainable development.The representation is Huangshan Mountain.By the method of typical years analysis,this paper lucubrates the contradictions between water supply and demand of each month in subareas of Huangshan scenic spots,and concludes：（1）Generally, water supply is not enough in Huangshan scenic spots.The situation of water scarcity is obvious. Furthermore,the contradictions exist in time,space,plentiful and scarce rainfall periods,etc.（2）The paper forecasts mid- and long-term water supply and demand,and builds dynamic control model of water supply and demand.If typical scarce year is encountered in mid - and long-term periods, first,we should maintain water supply in high mountain,and then start projects to regulate water properly and timely.The important way to improve water supply is to regulate water by means reservoirs or diversion and withdrawl projects in Huangshan scenic spots. （3）By exerting subjective motility and firstly regulating reservoirs in subareas,the present problem of water supply can be solved.Then,by pumping water to the mountain from Wuliqiao reservoir,the midterm problem can be solved.By building Diaoqiao reservoir and connecting all water supply systems, the long-term water supply and demand can be balanced. （4）In future,environmental protection will become one of the main methods to solve the contradiction of water demand and supply,such as reducing standards of water demand,improving level of wastewater disposing, adopting wastewater reuse technique and introducing efficient water equipment and so on.