共和主义情境中的公民参与

Civil Participation of Republicanism

在西方政治思想史的长河中,民主一直具有迷人的魅力和强势的话语权。从某种程度上说,民主意味着参与,而围绕着民主政治中的公共参与如何施展,不同主义的话语体系给出了不同的释义和论证。与自由主义论辩的"劲敌"——共和主义,对公民参与有着独到和精辟的理论分析和证明。在共和主义的情境中,公民的参与围绕着如何在治理公共事务过程中实现公共利益而在公共领域展开的"言谈"和"论辩"。公民在此表现的正是民主政治所要求的一种积极的言行,而不是扮演前现代政治的消极服从的"臣民"角色,更不是目光短浅的"地域民"。这种在权利平等的社会成员之间的协商和讨论是以一种宪政式的民主框架为保障,是修正选举式民主在现代政治运行中暴露出的弊端的基础上的论辩式民主。

Democracy owns attractive charm and strong discourse ascendancy in the long history of Western political thoughts. Democracy means participation to some degree; however, different interpretation and proving how to organize public participation are given by different doctrine discourse system. Republicanism which is the powerful enemy of liberalism provides special and incisive theory analysis and testification on civil participation. Civil participation of republicanism orients how to realize public benefits in the process of dealing with public business and practices discussion and debate in public realm. Citizens play a positive role in the democracy politics, not a negative subject of pre-modern politics role, and not a shortsighted regional person. That deliberation and contestatory of all citizen who own equal fights are based on the constitutional democracy frame, it is a king of contestatory democracy that modifies the defects of electoral democracy. The mode selection and application of dealing with public business is related with the kind of public business closely.