常用镇静中药配伍和药理研究概况

Brief review about compatibility and their pharmacological effects of Chinese material medica as tranquilizer

对近10年用于镇静安神中药的临床和药理研究文献进行了综述,按其性味归经-复方配伍-镇静作用关系等进行了分析总结。具有镇静作用的中药主要见于安神药、平肝熄风药、补虚药、活血化瘀药、清热药、解表药、开窍药、利水渗湿药等,其中单味药以养心安神药中的酸枣仁和远志的使用频率为最高,使用种类最多的则为补虚药,且多归心、肝二经。涉及到的镇静药理研究方法主要包括自主活动实验、戊巴比妥钠睡眠实验、强迫游泳法等。镇静作用多与影响多巴胺、5-羟色胺(5-HT)和γ-氨基丁酸(γ-GABA)等神经递质有关。

The paper summarized the sedative pharmacological effects of CMM, which were reported in the past 10 years. Those sedative CMMs were found in several type of Chinese medicine, such as tranquilizing the mind, calming the liver to stop the wind, general tonic, blood-activating and stasis-resolving drugs, heat-clearing drugs, exterior-releasing drugs, drugs for resuscitation, diuresis-inducing and dampness-draining drugs, ect. Out of them, the general tonic drugs were used in many occasions. Two Chinese herbs, jujube seed and pelygala were used popularly as sedative drugs. And their effects have something to do with heart Meridian and liver Meridian. The Locomotor activity, sleeping test and forcing swimming were used commonly to detect the sedative effects. The sedative mechanisms of those CMM were related with neuro-transmitters such as Dopamine （DA）, 5-HT and γ-GABA, etc.