再生水灌溉对玉米与大豆生长及水分利用效率的影响

Effect of reclaimed water irrigation on growth and water use efficiency of maize and soybean

相同灌溉条件下,作物生长及水分利用效率(Water use efficiency,WUE)会因灌溉水质的不同而存在差异。本研究采用盆栽实验方法,以清水灌溉为对照,比较了北京市高碑店污水处理厂的2级再生水、3级再生水对玉米(Zea maysL.)和大豆(Glycine maxesL.)生长及WUE的影响。结果表明:2级再生水对玉米苗期生长有一定影响,3级再生水对玉米苗期生长有一定促进作用;2级和3级再生水对玉米拔节期和收获期生长影响不显著或有所促进;再生水灌溉对玉米苗期WUE有一定影响,自拔节期开始影响降低并表现出一定的促进作用。2级和3级再生水可促进大豆苗期和花荚期的生长,对收获期的生长影响不显著;再生水灌溉对大豆苗期WUE有一定促进作用,花荚期开始促进作用减弱。总体而言,玉米苗期灌溉2级再生水对其生长和WUE有一定影响,拔节期后灌溉则促进玉米生长和提高WUE;3级再生水灌溉有利于玉米生长,提高WUE;大豆各个生育期灌溉2级或3级再生水都可促进生长,对WUE影响不大。

Under the same irrigation management,plant height,leaf area,drygrain weight and water use efficiency（WUE） always differ due to differences in water quality.Pot experiment was conducted with fresh water（F） as the control treatment to compare the effect of reclaimed water [SecondGrade（S）,Third-Grade（T）,and OriginalSewage（O） from Beijing Gaobeidian sewage water treatment plant] irrigation on the growth and WUE of maize（Zea mays L.） and soybean（Phaseolus vulgaris L.）.From the results,it is observed that S inhibits maize growth,while T promotes maize growth in the breeding stage.S and T reclaimed water irrigation shows a promotive effect in breeding and flowering stages,while no effect in the harvest stage of soybean.With regard WUE,a set of reclaimed water shows an inhibition effect in maize breeding stage,which gradually changed into a promotive effect after jointing stage.Another set of reclaimed water is observed to have a promotive effect in soybean breeding stage,which also gradually faded out after the flowering stage.In conclusion thus,third-grade reclaimed water（T） irrigation has beneficial effect on the growth and WUE of maize in all growth stages.Second-grade reclaimed water（S） irrigation inhibits growth and WUE of maize in breeding stage,but promotes growth and WUE after the jointing stage.The two grades of reclaimed water irrigation of soybean benefit all growth stages,and not remarkely influence WUE.