中国航天运输系统的发展与未来

Development and Future of Space Transportation System of China

航天运输系统作为一个国家开展航天活动的支撑和基础,是其综合国力的重要标志之一。在对当今世界各国航天运输系统发展新特点进行分析的基础上,针对我国航天运输系统所面临的国内外政治、经济、军事、科技发展需求带来的机遇与挑战,明确指出:未来我国需要建立相对完备的航天运输系统,需要完成以新一代运载火箭研制为核心的一次性运载火箭更新换代与新运载体系构建,需要开展以先进上面级技术为基础的轨道转移运输系统的研究,需要进行以部分重复使用为阶段目标的完全重复使用运载器的探索,需要跟踪国外新概念航天运输技术进展,需要不断完善、壮大和拓展整个运输体系。

Space transportation system is an infrastructure of the space activities ofa country, and it is also an indicator of its overall national strength. Based on the description of the new characters of current world space transportation systems, in order to discuss the chance and challenge brought by the space transportation system to China in politics, economy, military and development of science, it is indicated that a complete space transportation system should be built in the future. The key of the evolution of expendable launch vehicle and of building the new spectrum of launch vehicles is the development of the new generation launch vehicles. The orbital transfer vehicles should be developed after the break through of advanced upper stage technology. Development of fully reusable launch vehicles should be accomplished after the partial reusable launch vehicles are applied. New concept space launcher technologies should be actively explored. The entire space transportation system needs continuously improvement, enhancement and expanding.