草原植物群落物种多样性与结构稳定性之间的相关性分析

The Relationship between Biodiversity and Structure Stability Among Grassland Plant Communities

以位于内蒙古高原中东部的锡林郭勒草原的代表性植物群落做为研究对象，在不同的空间尺度上，以生物量涨落、频度涨落及微涨落种群比例做为群落结构稳定性的度量指标，与表示草原植物群落物种多样性的丰富度指数、Ｓｈａｎｎｏｎ－ｗｉｅｎｅｒ指数、均匀度指数进行了直线回归分析，主要结果如下：１）以频度涨落反映的群落结构稳定性与丰富度指数，Ｓｈａｎｎｏｎ－ｗｉｅｎｅｒ指数不相关；２）生物量涨落在区域尺度上（荒漠草原－典型草原－草甸草原）与丰富度指数、均匀度指数以及Ｓｈａｎ－ｎｏｎ－Ｗｉｅｎｅｒ指数呈正相关，即群落多样性越高，其结构稳定性越高；３）尺度对多样性与稳定性关系起着十分重要的作用．在群落尺度上（群系内三个群落类型之间相比较），微涨落种群比例、生物量涨落与几个多样性指数都不相关，说明物种多样性对于全局稳定性起着更明显的影响．

The grassland communities of NeiMongol are particularly studied,the characteristics of communities about frequency and biomass are considered.With novel scalehierarchy theory,from different scales the relationship between stability and species biodiversity are tested,by use of the line regression.The results are as follows:1)The stability of species constitutions in the communities denoted by the frequency fluctuation are not correlated with richness and the index of Shannon wiener;2)The biomass fluctuations are significantly and negatively correlated with the indices of biodiversity but positively with dominance.The proportion of low fluctuations population is significantly and positively correlated with richness,eveness the index of Shannon wiener and negatively with dominance.There are a positive relaitonship of biodiversity to stability and a negative relationship of dominance to stability;3)The effects of scale to the relationship between diversity and stability are fremendous.The relationships between the biodiversity and structure stability of community are different under different scales.In the small local scale,there is no relation between the indices of stability (the proportion of low fluctuation population and the fluctuation of biomass) and the indices of biodiversity,but in large regional scale they are significantly correlated.