胸腔镜辅助小切口肺血管-支气管成形术治疗中央型肺癌139例分析

Bronchial sleeve resection and reconstruction of pulmonary artery by video-assisted thoracic small incision surgery for central lung cancer:a report of 139 cases

目的探讨胸腔镜辅助小切口和常规后外侧切口在肺血管-支气管成形术治疗中央型肺癌中的可行性及效果。方法对广州医学院第一附属医院1995年1月至2007年7月139例采用胸腔镜辅助小切口术式及四川大学华西医院2000年4月至2005年12月99例采用常规后外侧切口术式的因病变涉及肺叶开口或肺动脉,而行肺血管-支气管成形术患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果两组患者均顺利完成手术,无围手术期死亡,术后无吻合口狭窄、吻合口瘘及切缘癌细胞残留。胸腔镜辅助小切口组平均生存时间为63.17个月,常规后外侧切口组为42.00个月,术后生存率无明显差异。肺动脉成形患者的保留肺叶无肺再灌注损伤或明显肺水肿征象。胸腔镜辅助小切口组辅助切口的平均长度为10 cm,常规后外侧切口组切口平均长度为30 cm。胸腔镜辅助小切口组手术时间、术后胸管留置时间及住院时间均短于常规后外侧切口组,术后患侧肩关节功能障碍发生率低。结论利用胸腔镜辅助小切口施行肺血管-支气管成形术,不仅具有与常规后外侧切口相同的适应证和术后生存率,而且在减小手术创伤,促进患者恢复方面具有优势。

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and practicability between bronchial sleeve resection or reconstruction of the pulmonary artery by video-assisted thoracic small incision and routine posterolateral incision for lung cancer. Methods The clinic data was analyzed retrospectively, including 139 cases in our hospital underwent sleeve lobectomy and bronchoplasty by video-assisted thoracic small incision surgery for lung cancer from January 1995 to July 2007 and 99 cases in the HUAXI Hospital of SICHUAN University underwent routine posterolateral incision from April 2000 to December 2005. All patients whose bronchus and/or pulmonary artery were involved underwent the operation and experienced the bronchial sleeve resection or reconstruction of the pulmonary artery. Results All patients were done operation successfully with no perioperative mortality and no occurrence of anastomosis stenosis as well as fistula. The median survival period of video-assisted thoracic small incision patients and the posterolateral incision patients were 63. 17 months and 42.00 months, respectively （P 〉 0. 05 ）. There was no sign of reperfusion injury in the reconstruction of the pulmonary artery patients. The small incisions＇ length was from 8 to 13 cm and the mean length was 10 cm. The routine posterolateral incisions＇ mean length was 30 cm. Compaired to the patients underwent the routine posterolateral incision, patients underwent the operation of video assisted thoracic small incision had less operation time, less chest tube time, less hospitalization time and less postoperative shoulder joint dysfunction. Conclusions The bronchial sleeve resection and reconstruction of the pulmonary artery by video-assisted thoracic small incision surgery for lung cancer can finish the same work as the traditional thoracic lateral incision with less trauma and recovery time.