艾森豪威尔政府援助法国发展核潜艇问题之研究

The Study of the Eisenhower Administration's Aid to France in Its Development of Nuclear Submarines

1957年12月北约首脑会议上,美国答应援助盟国发展核潜艇。1958年7月通过的原子能发展与管制法修正案却只让英国享受到援助待遇。由于该法案的限制,美国在是否援助法国发展核潜艇问题上的立场经过多次变迁,最终于1959年5月与法国签订《美法利用原子能合作协定》,答应为法国提供浓缩铀,但完全拒绝提供反应堆。美法核潜艇合作的曲折性表明,美国从未真心愿意援助法国发展独立的核力量。

In December 1957,U.S.promised NATO allies to assist them in developing nuclear submarines.Howewer,the new Atomic Energy Act of July 2,1958,only gave Britain an overall entree to American atomic energy information,including that for nuclear submarines.With such constraint and other reasons,the U.S.government was reluctant to assist French submarine development.After much wavering,'French-United States Cooperation in the Uses of Atomic Energy' was finally signed in May 1959,which provided for the sale to the Government of France a specified quantity of enriched uranium for use in the development and operation of a land based protype submarine nuclear propulsion plant.But the U.S.refused to supply a reactor.The tortuous corperating process between U.S.and France revealed that the Government of the United States had never wanted to help France develop an independent nuclear force.