陌生的叙述者——残雪的叙述法和时空结构

The Strange Narrator:The Manner of Narration and the Space Time Structure of Can Xue

残雪的小说几乎没有例外地使人困惑,而且从头到尾使人怀有不可思议的感觉。为何如此?文学研究家无法避免的这个问题,至今尚未说清楚。本文通过对她的处女作《黄泥街》序文第一人称叙述的分析,试图回答这一问题。残雪的小说时常引起不可思议感的根本原因就在她的独特的叙述法上。她的叙述者总是一个完全缺少历史性和个性的、无私无情的、纯粹的、内部世界观察者。这种观察者和被观察的自我对象正像我们做梦时那样,是彻底分开的。残雪通过创造这种观察者和观察对象之间的惊人的距离,在给读者留下做梦似的不可思议感的同时留下了第一级的对自我的观察记录,这就是文学。

The novels of Can Xue always perplex and mystify her readers from beginning to end, alomost without exception. Why so？ As yet, we have not been able to answer this question which every student of literature has to confront. This paper aims to solve this problem by analyzing the first person narration of the prologue of Can Xue＇ s first work Huanguijie. The root of the mystery of Can Xue＇ s novels lies in her unique style of narration. Her narrator is always a genuine absorbed observer of the internal world, who does not have any proper personl history, character, emotion or egoism. Can Xue＇s observer is separated from his object, the self, just as completely as in a dream. Can Xue,by the creation of such surprising distance between the observer and his object, keeps her readers stay in everlasting mystery, leaving the first class observations on the self, that is to say literature.