维吾尔族大学生450名视力正常眼屈光状态与屈光要素分析

Analysis of refraction and ocular components in 450 college students with normal visual acuity of Uygur nationality

目的分析新疆医科大学450名维吾尔族大学生视力正常眼的屈光状态与屈光要素之间的关系。方法对450名维吾尔族大学生视力正常的899眼进行超声生物测定眼轴长度、前房深度、晶状体厚度(眼科A超),同时进行角膜曲率(角膜曲率计)和验光(视网膜检影法)检查,并进行统计学分析。结果899眼中,远视眼444眼,屈光度+0.75^+2.50D;正视眼440眼,屈光度为0^+0.50D;近视眼15眼,屈光度为-0.50^-1.25D。眼轴长度和前房深度在近视眼、正视眼和远视眼之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对正视眼和远视眼进行右眼、左眼的统计学分析,各屈光要素之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在正视眼和远视眼中,对性别不同屈光要素进行统计学分析,除晶状体厚度外,余屈光要素在性别比较上均有统计学意义(P<0.05),男性较女性眼轴长、前房深,同时角膜曲率较女性小。结论维吾尔族大学生视力正常眼中存在着近视眼、正视眼和远视眼,在正视眼和远视眼中,男性较女性眼轴长,前房深,同时角膜曲率较女性小。维吾尔族人群在眼屈光要素上存在着与其他民族的不同之处,对研究维吾尔族眼的屈光状态和疾病都具有重要的意义。

Objective To analysis the relationship between the refraction and the ocular components of 450 college students with normal visual acuity of Uygur nationality in Xinjiang Medical University.Methods There were 450 college students with normal visual acuity of Uygur nationality were selected and evaluated with ocular examinations,and 899 eyes were enrolled.Measurements of refraction,axial length,anterior chamber depth,crystal thickness （all by A-scan ultrasonography）,the corneal curvature （by keratometry） and the direct ophthalmoscopy were taken.The correlation between refraction and ocular components （axial length,anterior chamber depth,crystal thickness,corneal curvature） were analysed by statistical methods.Results Of these 899 normal visual acuity,444 eyes were hyperopic（＋0.75～＋2.50 D）,440 eyes were emmetropia（0～＋0.50 D）,and 15 eyes were myopia （-0.50～-1.25 D）.Axial length and anterior chamber depth showed significant differences among myopia,emmetropia and hyperopic（P〈0.05）.There was no significant difference of emmetropia and hyperopic in the ocular components between right eyes and left eyes（P〉0.05）.Axial length, anterior chamber and corneal power depth showed significant effects of emmetropia and hyperopic between boys and girls.There was no significant difference of emmetropia and hyperopic in crystal thickness between boys and girls（P〉0.05）.Boys had longer axial length,deeper anterior chamber depth and less flatter corneas than girls.Conclusion There are myopia,emmetropia and hyperopic in normal visual acuity students of Uygur nationality in Xinjiang Medical University.Boys have longer axial length,deeper anterior chamber depth and less flatter corneas than girls in emmetropia and hyperopic.The ocular components show significant effects on Uygur nationality.It is important not only for study of refraction but also for investigation of the diseased eyes of Uygur nationality.