废旧电池中有价金属回收利用探讨

Discussion on the recycling and reusing of valuable metals from spent batteries

随着中国经济的稳步发展和投资环境的不断优化,中国已成为电池的制造和消费大国,每年产生数亿只废旧电池。对废旧电池的回收利用已成为全社会关注的问题。介绍了废旧电池中有价金属的回收利用方法,着重介绍了锂离子二次电池正极材料有价金属的回收利用方法。指出,中国商品化的正极材料只有钴酸锂(L iCoO2),这种正极材料钴含量高,且钴价值高,并且回收工艺可行,因此,从钴酸锂正极材料中回收钴等有价金属,对发展中国的循环经济具有重要意义。同时介绍了锂离子二次电池正极材料的研究现状。

With the steady development of economy and continuous optimization of investment environment, China has become a manufacture and consumption power of battery. Every year China will produce hundreds of millions of waste batteries. The problem about how to recover and reuse the waste battery has become the concern of the whole society. This paper introduced the methods of recovering the valuable metals in the waste batteries and put emphasis on presenting the recovery methods for the valuable metals in the cathode materials of lithium - ion secondary battery. It was pointed that only lithium cobaltate （ LiCoO2 ） has a high content of cobalt among all the commercialized cathode materials in China. Moreover, cobalt is valuable and the recovery process is feasible. Therefore, it is very significant to recover valuable metals, such as cobalt, from LiCoO2 cathode materials for developing cycle economics in China. Meanwhile, the paper also introduced the present research status of cathode materials of lithium - ion secondary battery.