高温超导量子干涉器中的约瑟夫森结

Josephson junctions in high-transition-temperature superconducting quantum interference devices

超导量子干涉器(SQUID)是以约瑟夫森结为核心元件的极其灵敏的磁通-电压转换器.在最近20年间,超导电子学界利用多种铜氧化物高温超导材料,制造出了高温超导约瑟夫森结乃至高温超导量子干涉器(高TcSQUID);特别是,利用YBa2Cu3O7-δ(YBCO)制出了多种高温超导约瑟夫森结,并进而制成了具有一定实用性的高TcSQUID.文章主要是对高TcSQUID中所使用的高温超导约瑟夫森结进行评述.

A superconducting quantum interference device （SQUID） is an extremely sensitive flux-to-voltage transducer with one or two Josephson junctions as its key elements. During the last two decades, high temperature superconducting Josephson junctions and even high-transition-temperature （ high-Tc ） SQUIDs have been fabricated from different kinds of high-transition-temperature superconducting cuprate materials. In particular, various types of high-temperature Josephson junctions, and even high-Tc SQUIDs of some practical value, have been fabricated from YBa2Cu3O7-δ（YBCO） . This paper will mainly review the high-temperature Josephson junctions that have been used in high-Tc SQUIDs.