盐渍土区生态水文过程及其盐渍化效应

Eco-hydrological Processes and Its Salinization Effects in Saline Soil Regions

盐渍土区生态、水文过程及其耦合作用机制是当前盐渍化、次生盐渍化产生的根源。目前的研究主要是从土壤水盐动态、地表水文格局及其生态效应、生态地下水位、生态需水等角度对盐渍土区生态水文过程进行研究和探讨,尚未能揭示清楚盐渍土形成和演化的生态水文学机制。未来需要就生态、水文过程及其耦合作用机制,地表水、地下水以及土壤水之间的相互转化关系及其生态效应,基于生态水文过程的生态需水,以及构建流域尺度盐渍化生态水文模型等进行深入研究,以便为盐渍土区生态环境的维护和恢复、生态与社会经济的和谐提供理论与实践指导。

The ecological processes, hydrological processes and the coupling effects in different spatial and temporal scalings are the main causes of some eco-environmental problems, especially the soil salinization in the saline soil regions. The study on the effects of eco-hydrological processes on soil salinization includes the following topics： soil water and solute transport, the pattern of the surface water and its ecological effect, the ecological groundwater level and eco-environmental water requirement. However, one has also to reveal the eco-hydrological mechanism of the saline soil formation and evolution. The future topics on the eco-hydrological processes effect on the saline soil region should include： ecological process, hydrological process and the coupling effect between them; the transfer between the surface water, groundwater and soil water, with ecological effect; the eco-environmental water requirement based on the eco-hydrological process; the eco-hydrological model in the catchment.