科学乌托邦主义的多维解构及其启示

Multi-dimensional Destruction of Scientific Utopianism and its Revelations

从近代开始孕育的科学乌托邦主义思潮在几个世纪里蓬勃发展,但在20世纪遭遇到了乌托邦视域当中浪漫主义、科学敌托邦、反科学乌托邦和其他乌托邦的质疑,卢德主义和新卢德主义、法兰克福学派、现象学和存在主义等展开的科技社会批判,从精神分析学和文化心理学、科技理性与科技文化等角度展开的科技文明反思。从科学乌托邦主义几个世纪的多向建构到20世纪的多维解构,揭示了科学乌托邦主义在人类思想史中日趋从具有批判性、前瞻性、超越性的社会理想转变成保守性、利益维护性的意识形态,从革命性的激进社会先导力量退化成渐趋保守改良的技术应对。这为当今科技进步与社会发展提供了许多重要启示。

Having developed fast since the modern times, scientific utopianism in 20^th century, encountered suspect and criticism from different perspectives, such as suspects within utopian horizon, criticism on technological society and reflection on technological civilization. The shift from multidimensional construction to multidimensional deconstruction in these centuries discloses that scientific utopianism has gradually transferred from critical and transcendental social ideal to conservative and benefit-defending ideology, from revolutionary leading power to reformative technological response. This provides many important revelations for technological progress and social development today.