摘要
对发生医院感染的老年患者２３９例进行了回顾性调查分析表明：感染好发部位以下呼吸道最高，占总例数的４７．２８％；其次为泌尿道，占３６．８２％。与国内外报道基本相符。调查分析表明：老年病人医院感染危险因素为：自身免疫功能减退，生理防御机制减弱；严重的原发基础疾病引起机体心、肺、肝、肾功能下降；住院日延长，患者群居引起交叉感染；频繁的侵入性诊断及治疗操作破坏了免疫屏障；抗生素的不合理使用引起菌群失调等。并针对老年病人的特点及感染危险因素，制定了综合性防治措施。
The 239 elderly patients of nosocomial infection were investigated and analysed retrospectively. The results showed: The infection rate of the lower respiratory trace was highest, 47.28%, and the second was urological tract, 36.82%. This is according with the other reports in the world. The results of investigation proved that the dangerous factors of nosocomial infection of elderly patients were the decrease of self immunological function, the decrease of physiological defense function, the decrease of functions in heart, liver, kinedy caused by serous primary disease, the length of time in hospital, the across infection of the patients living in groups, the frequent interventional operation and the ultilization of antibiotic unreasonably. In the meantime, the paper drew up some comprehensive measure in view of the characteristics of eldly patients and the dangerous factors of infection.
