湖南北部澧阳平原文化层的地球化学记录及意义

Geochemical records of cultural layers in the Liyang plain,northern Hunan,China,and their significance

洞庭湖区澧阳平原有全国最密集、文化序列最清楚的史前遗址,是研究人与自然关系演变过程的重要地区。该区的文化层不仅蕴含了考古文物资料,而且赋存了大量的古代自然与人文环境的信息,其地球化学记录为解读人地关系提供了一把钥匙。通过对21处遗址114件不同时代的文化层及其生土层、表土层样品的地球化学特征的研究,认为文化层的常量元素更多地反映了自然环境的状况,新石器中期以后的文化层的微量元素则反映了人类活动的特征。不同时期文化层的元素组合反映了不同自然与文化阶段的古代自然和人文环境的特征,据其地球化学综合指标的分类可获得关于文化和环境演化统一性和阶段性的本质认识。

The Liyang basin of the Dongting lake district has the most crowded prehistoric cultural sites with the clearest cultural sequence and it is an important area for the study of the evolutional process of nature-human relation. The cultural layers in the district contain not only the archaeological cultural data but also a great deal of information regarding the ancient natural and anthropogenic environments, and their geochemical records provide a key to our understanding of nature-human relations. A total of 114 samples were collected fi：om cultural layers of different ages and their fi：esh soil layers and top soil layers at 21 cultural sites for a geochemical study. The results of the study show that the major elements in the cultural layers reflect the conditions of the natural environment, whereas the trace elements in the cultural layers after the middle stage of the Neolithic Age reflect the characteristics of the human activities. The element associations of cultural layers of different ages show the characteristics of natural and human environments in ancient times in different natural and cultural stages. The classification of their integrated geochemical indices may help us to gain knowl- edge of the unity of the cultural and environmental evolution and the essence of stages.