中日两国父母教养态度与儿童孤独感的关系

Relationship between Chinese and Japanese Parents' Rearing Attitudes and Children's Loneliness

以448名中日两国小学4—6年级儿童为研究对象,采用Asher等人研制的儿童孤独感量表、日本田研式精神健康诊断调查表和亲子关系检查量表考察了中日两国父母的教养态度及其与儿童孤独感的关系。结果显示,中日两国父母的"期待"、"严格.干涉"和"不安.溺爱"教养态度存在显著差异。两国男生与女生在"严格.干涉"和"期待"两种教养态度上存在显著差异。两国四年级与五、六年级学生在"严格.干涉"、"期待"和"不安.溺爱"教养态度方面存在显著差异。中国父母的"严格.干涉"、"期待"教养态度与儿童孤独感呈显著正相关。日本父母的教养态度和儿童孤独感呈显著正负相关。

Four hundred forty-eight 4^th to 6^th graders in China and Japan were investigated with Asher＇s Child Loneli- ness Scale, Taken＇s Mental Health Test and Taken＇s Inventory of Parental Attitude Test. Difference is found in the parents＇ rearing attitude of expectation, strictness, interference, and dotage. Significant difference is also found be- tween boys and girls in both countries in strictness, interference and expectation. The 4^th graders from both coun- tries are significantly different from the 5^th and 6^th graders in strictness, interference, expectation and dotage. A sig- nificant positive correlation exists in Chinese parents＇ rearing attitude between the loneliness scale and strictness, interference and expectation. Parents＇ rearing attitude is different between China and Japan. Children＇s loneliness is related to a certain extent to the parents＇ rearing attitude.