论唐宋渔父词的文化意蕴与词史意义

On the Cultural Significance and Ci-history Importance of the Fishman-Ci During Tang and Song Dynasties

以渔父为描写对象、抒情意象或抒情形象的渔父词作,自张志和一曲开始,历唐而宋唱和之作尤多,并且以渔父为题材的词作日渐繁盛。这些词或描写渔父的生活及其生活环境,或借渔父来抒发隐逸之思,或借渔父来参禅悟道。若按唐宋词抒情主人公形象分类,渔父词堪与思妇、游子、志士等类词相颉颃,可以成为一个独立的"渔父"系列,所具有的文化意蕴、词史价值值得重视,这对唐宋词抒情形象研究的全面展开将大有助益。

The fishman-Ci during Tang dynasty （618-907 A. D. ）and Song dynasty （960-1279 A. D. ） is mostly the Ci with the fishman as its objects, image and dramatis personae. Since Zhang Zhihe＇s Fishman-Ci appeared, the re- sponsory works were written in large numbers from Tang dynasty to Song dynasty. And the Ci works on fishman also increased day and day. Some of the works were about the fishman＇s life, some about the thoughts of hermit leisure, and still others were used by Buddhist or Taoist. If classified according to the dramatis personae of Ci,the fishman Ci works can be compared with the Ci works about the admiring woman, traveling man or integrity person, and will become a singled series of “fishman” model. The cultural significance and the Ci-history importance in the fish- man-Ci should be taken seriously.