浅析中国传统之“门”的建筑形式与文化含蕴

A Brief Analysis on the Architectural Form and Cultural Connotation of the Traditional Chinese Gates

门作为建筑元素之一,在中国古典建筑型制中有着重要的作用。一方面,门从依附于建筑的构件门发展成为独立的单体门,成为传统院落式建筑组群的空间组织核心;另一方面,门不仅具有实用功能、纪念功能,同时也表现出严格的等级制度,成为儒家礼制文化的表征符号。通过对门的功能、形式、象征性、纪念性以及门与建筑平面、立面的构成关系等进行分析,揭示其深厚的社会伦理及建筑美学内涵,并为建筑创作提供参考。

Gate is one of the building elements and has important function in the system of Chinese classical buildings. For one thing, the gate has turned from a building component into a single structure, and becomes the key part of space construction in the traditional courtyard buildings; for the another, the gate has not only practical and commemorative function, but also shows off the rigorous hierarchy, and becomes the symbol of the confucian feudal ethic. Through the analysis of their function, form and symbol, memorial meaning as well as the component relationship between gate and plan, gate and elevation, we can show up its profound connotation of social ethics and architectural aesthetics, and offer reference to architectural creation.