退役运动员压力源特征与对策研究

Research on the Features and Counterm easures of the Sources of Pressure on Retired Athletes

为了了解退役运动员的压力来源,消除压力,维护其身心健康。本研究采用问卷调查法、访谈法、文献资料法、数理统计法等对我省426名退役运动员进行压力来源调查,发现生活压力是退役运动员的最主要压力源,能力缺乏压力次之,社会压力较小,并呈现出一定的年龄特征和学历特征。对此,提出建立退役运动员的社会生活保障制度;退役后的教育培训制度和"训教一体化制度";增强风险与"自救"意识,帮助运动员进行人生规划;以及建立正确的舆论导等4种应对策略。

Through questionnaire and other methods, this paper points out living pressure is the followed by retired athletes＇lack of ability and social pressure as the second and third one respectively. the characteristics of retired athletes＇age and degrees and proposes four countermeasures.